Skin Defense and Hydration: The Critical Role of Corneocytes
Corneocytes are the final stage of keratinocyte maturation and are the primary cells found in the stratum corneum, the outermost layer of the epidermis. These cells undergo cornification (keratinization), where they accumulate keratin proteins and form a protective cornified envelope. Corneocytes serve several crucial functions:
Barrier Function: They form a dense, interlocking layer that acts as a barrier, preventing water loss and shielding the skin from harmful substances and microorganisms.
Protection: Corneocytes protect underlying skin layers from environmental stressors such as UV radiation, chemicals, pathogens, and physical damage, ensuring skin integrity.
Desquamation: Corneocytes participate in the shedding of dead skin cells (desquamation), allowing for the renewal of the skin's outer layer as new corneocytes are formed.
Moisture Regulation: They help maintain skin hydration by retaining water through their intercellular lipids and the structure of the cornified envelope.
Mechanical Strength: Corneocytes contribute to the structural strength of the skin due to their dense packing and keratin content, supporting the skin's overall integrity.
In summary, corneocytes are essential for the skin’s barrier, protection, moisture retention, desquamation, and mechanical strength.
K.M.ADKAR, RIOMAX INSTITUTE